MAN: Drilling commenced at Berinka Pine Creek Gold-Copper Project

Original announcement by asx on

Company
Mandrake Resources Limited
Ticker
MAN
Exchange
ASX
Region
Northern Territory
Primary commodity
Gold
Secondary commodities
Copper
Document categories
Other, Drill results
Extracted
2026-10-11 22:26:11 UTC

Analysis by Minestarters Atlas

Atlas analysis published:

Minestarters Atlas analysis

Summary

Mandrake Resources Limited has commenced a 3,000m reverse circulation (RC) drilling program at its 100%-owned Berinka Pine Creek Gold-Copper Project in the Northern Territory. The program targets several never-before-drilled high-priority gold-copper targets associated with the deep-seated Giants Reef Fault. This new exploration phase is underpinned by significant historical gold-copper mineralisation, including 4m at 6.6g/t Au from 32m, which provides strong context for the current campaign.

Reasoning: Mandrake Resources has commenced a new drilling program targeting previously undrilled high-priority gold-copper targets in the highly prospective Pine Creek Orogen, supported by encouraging historical drill intercepts.

Positive factors

  • new_drilling_program_commenced
  • targeting_undrilled_high_priority_targets
  • located_in_prolific_mining_region
  • encouraging_historical_results_provide_context
  • qa_qc_procedures_disclosed_for_recent_drilling

Negative factors

  • no_new_drill_results_reported
  • true_width_not_stated_for_historical_intercepts
  • qa_qc_for_specific_historical_results_not_detailed

Low confidence — this extraction should be reviewed alongside the original source.

Facts used in scoring: 7

Classification and evidence

QA/QC Disclosedpositive

Release includes QA/QC disclosure — certified lab, QP sign-off, or stated methods (blanks, standards, duplicates).

Why it applies: The document includes a JORC Table 1 detailing QA/QC procedures for Mandrake's 2020/2022 and CALR's 2013 drilling programs.

Evidence · text

“JORC Code, 2012 Edition – Table 1 report template”

Step-Out Extensionpositive

Mineralization extended beyond the previously known limit.

Why it applies: The current 3,000m RC programme targets several, never-before-drilled high-priority gold-copper targets.

Evidence · text

“The 3,000m RC programme targets several, never-before-drilled high-priority gold-copper targets”

Nearology Playneutral

Value premise rests on proximity to a known deposit rather than own results.

Why it applies: The release highlights renewed interest in the Pine Creek Orogen by other companies with significant gold resources, positioning Berinka within a prolific gold province.

Evidence · text

“Pine Creek is experiencing renewed interest, with Agnico Eagle (~3Moz)1, Vista Gold (~10.5Moz)2, Hanking (~3Moz)3, Patronus Resources (~1.4Moz)4 and PC Gold (~1.5Moz)5 actively advancing”

Extracted facts

Stored fact records: 7. Some facts used in scoring do not have a stored record.

Drill Results (7)

Fact 1Berinka Pine Creek · goldGrade: 6.6Grade Unit: g/tIntercept: 4 mHistorical resultNeeds review: drill_no_hole_idView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Berinka Pine Creek
Commodity
gold
Region
australia_nt
Reported Region
australia_nt
Ticker
MAN

Geometry

Grade
6.6
Grade Unit
g/t
Intercept
4 m
From
32 m
To
36 m
Intercept Depth
32 m

Classification

Sample Type
drill
Group ID
Berinka_Pine_Creek:32-36
Mining Method
unknown

QA/QC

QA/QC Disclosed
Yes
Lab Certified
Yes
QP Signed
Yes
QA/QC Methods
standards, blanks, duplicates

Deleterious

Deleterious Flag
No

Metal Equivalent

Assumptions Disclosed
No

Review

Needs Review
Yes
Review Reason
drill_no_hole_id
Interp. Status
scored
Historical
Yes
Historical Source Date
2019-05-24T00:00:00.000Z

Dates

Event date
2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: High-grade historical gold intercept provides encouraging context for the new drill program, though it is not new data and lacks specific QA/QC disclosure for this particular result.

Positive factors

  • high_grade_intercept

Negative factors

  • stale_data
  • no_qa_qc_disclosure_for_specific_historical_results
  • apparent_width_only

Evidence · text

“4m @ 6.6g/t Au from 32m”

Tags used in scoring

QA/QC Disclosedpositive

Release includes QA/QC disclosure — certified lab, QP sign-off, or stated methods (blanks, standards, duplicates).

Why it applies: qaqc_disclosed is true

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

Nearology Playneutral

Value premise rests on proximity to a known deposit rather than own results.

Why it applies: proximity is offered as the value premise: "For personal use only Mandrake Resources Limited I ACN: 006 569 12 www.mandrakeresources.com.au First Floor, 10 Outram S"

Rejected tags

Rejected tags — excluded from scoring because their label or evidence could not be verified.

Stale Data Re-releaseRejected · negative

Historical results re-announced with no new assays or reinterpretation — low genuine novelty.

Reason: This intercept is from previous drilling reported in the 2019 prospectus, not new results from the current announcement.

Evidence · text

“All available historic drill intercepts are contained in the MAN prospectus - 24 May 2019.”

No QA/QC DisclosureRejected · negative

Release does not disclose QA/QC — lab certification, CP/QP sign-off and assay protocols cannot be checked from this document.

Reason: Specific QA/QC details for this historical intercept are not provided, though general QA/QC for other drilling is disclosed in the document.

Evidence · text

“Previous drilling at Berinka returned significant gold-copper mineralisation, including:”

Apparent Width OnlyRejected · negative

Interval given as downhole width with no true width or drill orientation — apparent width may overstate true thickness.

Reason: The document states that all downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres, with no true width reported for this intercept.

Evidence · text

“All downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres.”
Fact 2Berinka Pine Creek · goldGrade: 3.1Grade Unit: g/tIntercept: 6 mHistorical resultNeeds review: drill_no_hole_idView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Berinka Pine Creek
Commodity
gold
Region
australia_nt
Reported Region
australia_nt
Ticker
MAN

Geometry

Grade
3.1
Grade Unit
g/t
Intercept
6 m
From
18 m
To
24 m
Intercept Depth
18 m

Classification

Sample Type
drill
Group ID
Berinka_Pine_Creek:18-24
Mining Method
unknown

QA/QC

QA/QC Disclosed
Yes
Lab Certified
Yes
QP Signed
Yes
QA/QC Methods
standards, blanks, duplicates

Deleterious

Deleterious Flag
No

Metal Equivalent

Assumptions Disclosed
No

Review

Needs Review
Yes
Review Reason
drill_no_hole_id
Interp. Status
scored
Historical
Yes
Historical Source Date
2019-05-24T00:00:00.000Z

Dates

Event date
2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Good-grade historical gold intercept provides encouraging context for the new drill program, though it is not new data and lacks specific QA/QC disclosure for this particular result.

Positive factors

  • good_grade_intercept

Negative factors

  • stale_data
  • no_qa_qc_disclosure_for_specific_historical_results
  • apparent_width_only

Evidence · text

“6m @ 3.1g/t Au from 18m”

Tags used in scoring

QA/QC Disclosedpositive

Release includes QA/QC disclosure — certified lab, QP sign-off, or stated methods (blanks, standards, duplicates).

Why it applies: qaqc_disclosed is true

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

Nearology Playneutral

Value premise rests on proximity to a known deposit rather than own results.

Why it applies: proximity is offered as the value premise: "For personal use only Mandrake Resources Limited I ACN: 006 569 12 www.mandrakeresources.com.au First Floor, 10 Outram S"

Rejected tags

Rejected tags — excluded from scoring because their label or evidence could not be verified.

Stale Data Re-releaseRejected · negative

Historical results re-announced with no new assays or reinterpretation — low genuine novelty.

Reason: This intercept is from previous drilling reported in the 2019 prospectus, not new results from the current announcement.

Evidence · text

“All available historic drill intercepts are contained in the MAN prospectus - 24 May 2019.”

No QA/QC DisclosureRejected · negative

Release does not disclose QA/QC — lab certification, CP/QP sign-off and assay protocols cannot be checked from this document.

Reason: Specific QA/QC details for this historical intercept are not provided, though general QA/QC for other drilling is disclosed in the document.

Evidence · text

“Previous drilling at Berinka returned significant gold-copper mineralisation, including:”

Apparent Width OnlyRejected · negative

Interval given as downhole width with no true width or drill orientation — apparent width may overstate true thickness.

Reason: The document states that all downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres, with no true width reported for this intercept.

Evidence · text

“All downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres.”
Fact 3Berinka Pine Creek · goldGrade: 2.6Grade Unit: g/tIntercept: 5 mHistorical resultNeeds review: drill_no_hole_idView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Berinka Pine Creek
Commodity
gold
Region
australia_nt
Reported Region
australia_nt
Ticker
MAN

Geometry

Grade
2.6
Grade Unit
g/t
Intercept
5 m
From
30 m
To
35 m
Intercept Depth
30 m

Classification

Sample Type
drill
Group ID
Berinka_Pine_Creek:30-35
Mining Method
unknown

QA/QC

QA/QC Disclosed
Yes
Lab Certified
Yes
QP Signed
Yes
QA/QC Methods
standards, blanks, duplicates

Deleterious

Deleterious Flag
No

Metal Equivalent

Assumptions Disclosed
No

Review

Needs Review
Yes
Review Reason
drill_no_hole_id
Interp. Status
scored
Historical
Yes
Historical Source Date
2019-05-24T00:00:00.000Z

Dates

Event date
2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Moderate-grade historical gold intercept provides encouraging context for the new drill program, though it is not new data and lacks specific QA/QC disclosure for this particular result.

Positive factors

  • moderate_grade_intercept

Negative factors

  • stale_data
  • no_qa_qc_disclosure_for_specific_historical_results
  • apparent_width_only

Evidence · text

“5m @ 2.6g/t Au from 30m”

Tags used in scoring

QA/QC Disclosedpositive

Release includes QA/QC disclosure — certified lab, QP sign-off, or stated methods (blanks, standards, duplicates).

Why it applies: qaqc_disclosed is true

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

Nearology Playneutral

Value premise rests on proximity to a known deposit rather than own results.

Why it applies: proximity is offered as the value premise: "For personal use only Mandrake Resources Limited I ACN: 006 569 12 www.mandrakeresources.com.au First Floor, 10 Outram S"

Rejected tags

Rejected tags — excluded from scoring because their label or evidence could not be verified.

Stale Data Re-releaseRejected · negative

Historical results re-announced with no new assays or reinterpretation — low genuine novelty.

Reason: This intercept is from previous drilling reported in the 2019 prospectus, not new results from the current announcement.

Evidence · text

“All available historic drill intercepts are contained in the MAN prospectus - 24 May 2019.”

No QA/QC DisclosureRejected · negative

Release does not disclose QA/QC — lab certification, CP/QP sign-off and assay protocols cannot be checked from this document.

Reason: Specific QA/QC details for this historical intercept are not provided, though general QA/QC for other drilling is disclosed in the document.

Evidence · text

“Previous drilling at Berinka returned significant gold-copper mineralisation, including:”

Apparent Width OnlyRejected · negative

Interval given as downhole width with no true width or drill orientation — apparent width may overstate true thickness.

Reason: The document states that all downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres, with no true width reported for this intercept.

Evidence · text

“All downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres.”
Fact 4Berinka Pine Creek · goldGrade: 2.3Grade Unit: g/tIntercept: 6 mHistorical resultNeeds review: drill_no_hole_idView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Berinka Pine Creek
Commodity
gold
Region
australia_nt
Reported Region
australia_nt
Ticker
MAN

Geometry

Grade
2.3
Grade Unit
g/t
Intercept
6 m
From
5 m
To
11 m
Intercept Depth
5 m

Classification

Sample Type
drill
Group ID
historical:5-11
Mining Method
unknown

QA/QC

QA/QC Disclosed
Yes
Lab Certified
Yes
QP Signed
Yes
QA/QC Methods
standards, blanks, duplicates

Deleterious

Deleterious Flag
No

Metal Equivalent

Assumptions Disclosed
No

Review

Needs Review
Yes
Review Reason
drill_no_hole_id
Interp. Status
scored
Historical
Yes
Historical Source Date
2019-05-24T00:00:00.000Z

Dates

Event date
2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Moderate-grade historical gold intercept with copper credits provides encouraging context for the new drill program, though it is not new data and lacks specific QA/QC disclosure for this particular result.

Positive factors

  • moderate_grade_intercept
  • polymetallic_mineralisation

Negative factors

  • stale_data
  • no_qa_qc_disclosure_for_specific_historical_results
  • apparent_width_only

Evidence · text

“6m @ 2.3g/t Au and 0.34% Cu from 5m”

Tags used in scoring

QA/QC Disclosedpositive

Release includes QA/QC disclosure — certified lab, QP sign-off, or stated methods (blanks, standards, duplicates).

Why it applies: qaqc_disclosed is true

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

Nearology Playneutral

Value premise rests on proximity to a known deposit rather than own results.

Why it applies: proximity is offered as the value premise: "For personal use only Mandrake Resources Limited I ACN: 006 569 12 www.mandrakeresources.com.au First Floor, 10 Outram S"

Rejected tags

Rejected tags — excluded from scoring because their label or evidence could not be verified.

Stale Data Re-releaseRejected · negative

Historical results re-announced with no new assays or reinterpretation — low genuine novelty.

Reason: This intercept is from previous drilling reported in the 2019 prospectus, not new results from the current announcement.

Evidence · text

“All available historic drill intercepts are contained in the MAN prospectus - 24 May 2019.”

No QA/QC DisclosureRejected · negative

Release does not disclose QA/QC — lab certification, CP/QP sign-off and assay protocols cannot be checked from this document.

Reason: Specific QA/QC details for this historical intercept are not provided, though general QA/QC for other drilling is disclosed in the document.

Evidence · text

“Previous drilling at Berinka returned significant gold-copper mineralisation, including:”

Apparent Width OnlyRejected · negative

Interval given as downhole width with no true width or drill orientation — apparent width may overstate true thickness.

Reason: The document states that all downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres, with no true width reported for this intercept.

Evidence · text

“All downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres.”
Fact 5Berinka Pine Creek · copperGrade: 0.34Grade Unit: %Intercept: 6 mHistorical resultNeeds review: drill_no_hole_idView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Berinka Pine Creek
Commodity
copper
Region
australia_nt
Reported Region
australia_nt
Ticker
MAN

Geometry

Grade
0.34
Grade Unit
%
Intercept
6 m
From
5 m
To
11 m
Intercept Depth
5 m

Classification

Sample Type
drill
Group ID
historical:5-11
Mining Method
unknown

QA/QC

QA/QC Disclosed
Yes
Lab Certified
Yes
QP Signed
Yes
QA/QC Methods
standards, blanks, duplicates

Deleterious

Deleterious Flag
No

Metal Equivalent

Assumptions Disclosed
No

Review

Needs Review
Yes
Review Reason
drill_no_hole_id
Interp. Status
scored
Historical
Yes
Historical Source Date
2019-05-24T00:00:00.000Z

Dates

Event date
2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Moderate-grade historical copper intercept with gold credits provides encouraging context for the new drill program, though it is not new data and lacks specific QA/QC disclosure for this particular result.

Positive factors

  • moderate_grade_intercept
  • polymetallic_mineralisation

Negative factors

  • stale_data
  • no_qa_qc_disclosure_for_specific_historical_results
  • apparent_width_only

Evidence · text

“6m @ 2.3g/t Au and 0.34% Cu from 5m”

Tags used in scoring

QA/QC Disclosedpositive

Release includes QA/QC disclosure — certified lab, QP sign-off, or stated methods (blanks, standards, duplicates).

Why it applies: qaqc_disclosed is true

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

Nearology Playneutral

Value premise rests on proximity to a known deposit rather than own results.

Why it applies: proximity is offered as the value premise: "For personal use only Mandrake Resources Limited I ACN: 006 569 12 www.mandrakeresources.com.au First Floor, 10 Outram S"

Rejected tags

Rejected tags — excluded from scoring because their label or evidence could not be verified.

Stale Data Re-releaseRejected · negative

Historical results re-announced with no new assays or reinterpretation — low genuine novelty.

Reason: This intercept is from previous drilling reported in the 2019 prospectus, not new results from the current announcement.

Evidence · text

“All available historic drill intercepts are contained in the MAN prospectus - 24 May 2019.”

No QA/QC DisclosureRejected · negative

Release does not disclose QA/QC — lab certification, CP/QP sign-off and assay protocols cannot be checked from this document.

Reason: Specific QA/QC details for this historical intercept are not provided, though general QA/QC for other drilling is disclosed in the document.

Evidence · text

“Previous drilling at Berinka returned significant gold-copper mineralisation, including:”

Apparent Width OnlyRejected · negative

Interval given as downhole width with no true width or drill orientation — apparent width may overstate true thickness.

Reason: The document states that all downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres, with no true width reported for this intercept.

Evidence · text

“All downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres.”
Fact 6Berinka Pine Creek · goldGrade: 3.8Grade Unit: g/tIntercept: 3 mHistorical resultNeeds review: drill_no_hole_idView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Berinka Pine Creek
Commodity
gold
Region
australia_nt
Reported Region
australia_nt
Ticker
MAN

Geometry

Grade
3.8
Grade Unit
g/t
Intercept
3 m
From
7 m
To
10 m
Intercept Depth
7 m

Classification

Sample Type
drill
Group ID
historical:7-10
Mining Method
unknown

QA/QC

QA/QC Disclosed
Yes
Lab Certified
Yes
QP Signed
Yes
QA/QC Methods
standards, blanks, duplicates

Deleterious

Deleterious Flag
No

Metal Equivalent

Assumptions Disclosed
No

Review

Needs Review
Yes
Review Reason
drill_no_hole_id
Interp. Status
scored
Historical
Yes
Historical Source Date
2019-05-24T00:00:00.000Z

Dates

Event date
2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Higher-grade historical gold sub-interval with copper credits provides encouraging context for the new drill program, though it is not new data and lacks specific QA/QC disclosure for this particular result.

Positive factors

  • good_grade_intercept
  • polymetallic_mineralisation
  • higher_grade_sub_interval

Negative factors

  • stale_data
  • no_qa_qc_disclosure_for_specific_historical_results
  • apparent_width_only

Evidence · text

“3m @ 3.8 g/t Au and 0.35% Cu from 7m”

Tags used in scoring

QA/QC Disclosedpositive

Release includes QA/QC disclosure — certified lab, QP sign-off, or stated methods (blanks, standards, duplicates).

Why it applies: qaqc_disclosed is true

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

Nearology Playneutral

Value premise rests on proximity to a known deposit rather than own results.

Why it applies: proximity is offered as the value premise: "For personal use only Mandrake Resources Limited I ACN: 006 569 12 www.mandrakeresources.com.au First Floor, 10 Outram S"

Rejected tags

Rejected tags — excluded from scoring because their label or evidence could not be verified.

Stale Data Re-releaseRejected · negative

Historical results re-announced with no new assays or reinterpretation — low genuine novelty.

Reason: This intercept is from previous drilling reported in the 2019 prospectus, not new results from the current announcement.

Evidence · text

“All available historic drill intercepts are contained in the MAN prospectus - 24 May 2019.”

No QA/QC DisclosureRejected · negative

Release does not disclose QA/QC — lab certification, CP/QP sign-off and assay protocols cannot be checked from this document.

Reason: Specific QA/QC details for this historical intercept are not provided, though general QA/QC for other drilling is disclosed in the document.

Evidence · text

“Previous drilling at Berinka returned significant gold-copper mineralisation, including:”

Apparent Width OnlyRejected · negative

Interval given as downhole width with no true width or drill orientation — apparent width may overstate true thickness.

Reason: The document states that all downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres, with no true width reported for this intercept.

Evidence · text

“All downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres.”
Fact 7Berinka Pine Creek · copperGrade: 0.35Grade Unit: %Intercept: 3 mHistorical resultNeeds review: drill_no_hole_idView all details
Link to this fact

Identity

Project
Berinka Pine Creek
Commodity
copper
Region
australia_nt
Reported Region
australia_nt
Ticker
MAN

Geometry

Grade
0.35
Grade Unit
%
Intercept
3 m
From
7 m
To
10 m
Intercept Depth
7 m

Classification

Sample Type
drill
Group ID
historical:7-10
Mining Method
unknown

QA/QC

QA/QC Disclosed
Yes
Lab Certified
Yes
QP Signed
Yes
QA/QC Methods
standards, blanks, duplicates

Deleterious

Deleterious Flag
No

Metal Equivalent

Assumptions Disclosed
No

Review

Needs Review
Yes
Review Reason
drill_no_hole_id
Interp. Status
scored
Historical
Yes
Historical Source Date
2019-05-24T00:00:00.000Z

Dates

Event date
2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Higher-grade historical copper sub-interval with gold credits provides encouraging context for the new drill program, though it is not new data and lacks specific QA/QC disclosure for this particular result.

Positive factors

  • good_grade_intercept
  • polymetallic_mineralisation
  • higher_grade_sub_interval

Negative factors

  • stale_data
  • no_qa_qc_disclosure_for_specific_historical_results
  • apparent_width_only

Evidence · text

“3m @ 3.8 g/t Au and 0.35% Cu from 7m”

Tags used in scoring

QA/QC Disclosedpositive

Release includes QA/QC disclosure — certified lab, QP sign-off, or stated methods (blanks, standards, duplicates).

Why it applies: qaqc_disclosed is true

Cut-off Undisclosednegative

High-grade interval reported without stating the cut-off grade used for compositing.

Why it applies: no cutoff_grade was stated

Nearology Playneutral

Value premise rests on proximity to a known deposit rather than own results.

Why it applies: proximity is offered as the value premise: "For personal use only Mandrake Resources Limited I ACN: 006 569 12 www.mandrakeresources.com.au First Floor, 10 Outram S"

Rejected tags

Rejected tags — excluded from scoring because their label or evidence could not be verified.

Stale Data Re-releaseRejected · negative

Historical results re-announced with no new assays or reinterpretation — low genuine novelty.

Reason: This intercept is from previous drilling reported in the 2019 prospectus, not new results from the current announcement.

Evidence · text

“All available historic drill intercepts are contained in the MAN prospectus - 24 May 2019.”

No QA/QC DisclosureRejected · negative

Release does not disclose QA/QC — lab certification, CP/QP sign-off and assay protocols cannot be checked from this document.

Reason: Specific QA/QC details for this historical intercept are not provided, though general QA/QC for other drilling is disclosed in the document.

Evidence · text

“Previous drilling at Berinka returned significant gold-copper mineralisation, including:”

Apparent Width OnlyRejected · negative

Interval given as downhole width with no true width or drill orientation — apparent width may overstate true thickness.

Reason: The document states that all downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres, with no true width reported for this intercept.

Evidence · text

“All downhole intervals are measured in downhole metres.”

How Atlas produces this analysis

Minestarters Atlas uses automated extraction to summarize mining announcements, identify reported measurements, and classify supporting evidence. Sentiment reflects the extracted narrative and classification rules; it is an interpretation, not a reported measurement. Evidence quotes and context are provided where available. Missing data, low-confidence results, and review flags indicate limitations. Check the original publisher announcement before relying on an interpretation.