# Arizona Sonoran Reports 11 Billion Pounds of Contained Copper in updated Cactus Mineral Resource Estimate in the Measured and Indicated Category, 75% of which is Leachable Material

Canonical Atlas analysis: https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116

Original source: https://money.tmx.com/en/quote/ASCU/news/5126590207794814/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus-

Publisher: tmx

Original announcement: 2025-09-16T10:30:00.000Z

Analysis by Minestarters Atlas

Atlas analysis published: Unknown date

Atlas analysis updated: Unknown date

- Company: Arizona Sonoran Copper Company Inc.

- Ticker: ASCU

- Exchange: TSX

- Region: Arizona

- Primary commodity: Copper

- Secondary commodities: None reported

- Document categories: Resource update

- Extracted: 2026-08-24 23:12:11 UTC

Narrative sentiment: 0.80 · Bullish

## Minestarters Atlas summary

Arizona Sonoran Copper Company has released an updated Mineral Resource Estimate for its Cactus Project in Arizona, reporting 11 billion pounds of contained copper in the Measured and Indicated category, with 75% being leachable material. The update reflects a 44% increase in M&amp;I contained copper on a like-for-like basis compared to the previous 2024 MRE, driven by successful infill and step-out drilling that converted 51% of Inferred material to M&amp;I. The MRE will form the basis for a pending 2025 Pre-Feasibility Study.

Reasoning: The updated Mineral Resource Estimate for the Cactus Project shows a substantial 44% increase in Measured and Indicated contained copper on a like-for-like basis, driven by successful conversion drilling and expansion. While the overall M&amp;I grade decreased by 15% due to the inclusion of lower-grade near-surface material, the significant growth in higher-confidence resources, supported by NI 43-101 compliance and QP sign-off, is a strong positive for project de-risking and advancement towards a Pre-Feasibility Study.

- Positive factor: Category Upgrade

- Positive factor: Contained Metal Growth

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Negative factor: Grade Decline

Facts used in scoring: 42

## Classification and evidence

No classification tags are available.

## Extracted facts

Stored fact records: 42. Some facts used in scoring do not have a stored record.

## Resource Estimates (42)

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-0)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 92079277.5
- Grade: 0.91
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 1853400000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Leachable material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.91

Context: 101,500

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-1)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 92079277.5
- Grade: 0.79
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 1605800000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Leachable soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.79

Context: 101,500

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-2)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 27124561.5
- Grade: 0.42
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 251000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Primary material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.42

Context: 29,900

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-3)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 27124561.5
- Grade: 0.05
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 30200000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Primary soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.05

Context: 29,900

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-4)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 119299839
- Grade: 0.8
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 2104400000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Measured material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.80

Context: 131,400

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-5)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 119299839
- Grade: 0.62
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 1636000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Measured soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.62

Context: 131,400

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-6)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 596977695
- Grade: 0.48
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 6354900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Leachable material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.48

Context: 658,000

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-7)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 596977695
- Grade: 0.42
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 5580200000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Leachable soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.42

Context: 658,000

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-8)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 320599093.5
- Grade: 0.36
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 2535900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Primary material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.36

Context: 353,400

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-9)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 320599093.5
- Grade: 0.04
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 270900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Primary soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.04

Context: 353,400

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-10)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 917576788.5
- Grade: 0.44
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 8890800000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Indicated material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.44

Context: 1,011,400

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-11)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 917576788.5
- Grade: 0.29
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 5851100000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Indicated soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.29

Context: 1,011,400

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-12)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 689000770.5
- Grade: 0.54
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 8208300000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Leachable material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.54

Context: 759,500

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-13)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 689000770.5
- Grade: 0.47
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 7186000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Leachable soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.47

Context: 759,500

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-14)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 347600000.5
- Grade: 0.36
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 2786900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Primary material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.36

Context: 383,200

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-15)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 347600000.5
- Grade: 0.04
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 301100000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Primary soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.04

Context: 383,200

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-16)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 1036800000.5
- Grade: 0.48
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 10995200000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total M&amp;I material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.48

Context: 1,142,800

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-17)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 1036800000.5
- Grade: 0.33
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 7487100000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total M&amp;I soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.33

Context: 1,142,800

### inferred

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-18)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: inferred
- Tonnes: 86286000
- Grade: 0.4
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 760900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated inferred resource for Total Leachable material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth. Inferred resources have lower confidence.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Negative factor: Inferred Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.40

Context: 95,100

### inferred

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-19)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: inferred
- Tonnes: 86286000
- Grade: 0.34
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 653400000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated inferred resource for Total Leachable soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability. Inferred resources have lower confidence.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Negative factor: Inferred Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.34

Context: 95,100

### inferred

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-20)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: inferred
- Tonnes: 125599994
- Grade: 0.34
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 947100000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated inferred resource for Total Primary material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth. Inferred resources have lower confidence.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Negative factor: Inferred Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.34

Context: 138,400

### inferred

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-21)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: inferred
- Tonnes: 125599994
- Grade: 0.04
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 121500000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated inferred resource for Total Primary soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability. Inferred resources have lower confidence.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Negative factor: Inferred Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.04

Context: 138,400

### inferred

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-22)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: inferred
- Tonnes: 211786000.5
- Grade: 0.37
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 1708100000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated inferred resource for Total Inferred material at Cactus Project project, contributing to overall resource growth. Inferred resources have lower confidence.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Negative factor: Inferred Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.37

Context: 233,400

### inferred

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-23)

Cactus Project · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Cactus Project
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: inferred
- Tonnes: 211786000.5
- Grade: 0.17
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 774900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated inferred resource for Total Inferred soluble copper material at Cactus Project project, indicating good recoverability. Inferred resources have lower confidence.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Negative factor: Inferred Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.17

Context: 233,400

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-24)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 42089994
- Grade: 1.07
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 996500000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Leachable material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 1.07

Context: 46,400

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-25)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 42089994
- Grade: 0.91
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 842900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Leachable soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.91

Context: 46,400

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-26)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 10159992
- Grade: 0.53
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 119000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Primary material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.53

Context: 11,200

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-27)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 10159992
- Grade: 0.06
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 13000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Primary soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.06

Context: 11,200

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-28)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 52250000.5
- Grade: 0.97
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 1115500000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Measured material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.97

Context: 57,600

### measured

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-29)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: measured
- Tonnes: 52250000.5
- Grade: 0.74
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 855900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated measured resource for Total Measured soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.74

Context: 57,600

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-30)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 368800000.5
- Grade: 0.58
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 4682500000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Leachable material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.58

Context: 406,600

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-31)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 368800000.5
- Grade: 0.51
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 4160500000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Leachable soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.51

Context: 406,600

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-32)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 45179997.5
- Grade: 0.51
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 506900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Primary material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.51

Context: 49,800

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-33)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 45179997.5
- Grade: 0.07
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 69000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Primary soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.07

Context: 49,800

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-34)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 413980000.5
- Grade: 0.57
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 5189400000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Indicated material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.57

Context: 456,400

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-35)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 413980000.5
- Grade: 0.46
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 4229500000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Indicated soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.46

Context: 456,400

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-36)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 410999986.5
- Grade: 0.63
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 5679000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Leachable material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.63

Context: 453,000

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-37)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 410999986.5
- Grade: 0.55
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 5003300000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Leachable soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.55

Context: 453,000

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-38)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 55338285.5
- Grade: 0.51
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 626000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Primary material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.51

Context: 61,000

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-39)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 55338285.5
- Grade: 0.07
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 82000000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total Primary soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.07

Context: 61,000

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-40)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 466399991.5
- Grade: 0.61
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 6304900000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total M&amp;I material at Parks/Salyer project, contributing to overall resource growth.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.61

Context: 514,100

### indicated

[Link to this fact](https://atlas-staging.minestarters.com/news/arizona-sonoran-reports-11-billion-pounds-of-contained-copper-in-updated-cactus--0fc766a4-b1d5-46ea-a320-94e3dc75b116#fact-resource-facts-41)

Parks/Salyer · copper

#### Identity

- Project: Parks/Salyer
- Commodity: copper
- Region: usa\_az
- Reported Region: Arizona
- Ticker: ASCU

#### Resource Data

- Category: indicated
- Tonnes: 466399991.5
- Grade: 0.49
- Grade Unit: %
- Contained Metal: 5085300000
- Contained Unit: lbs

#### Review

- Needs Review: No
- Historical: No

#### Dates

- Event date: 2025-09-16T00:00:00.000Z

Reasoning: Updated indicated resource for Total M&amp;I soluble copper material at Parks/Salyer project, indicating good recoverability.

- Positive factor: QP/CP Signed

- Positive factor: NI 43-101 Compliant

- Positive factor: PFS-Supporting

- Positive factor: Cut-off Disclosed

- Positive factor: Indicated Resource

- Positive factor: Measured Resource

Evidence · table

> 0.49

Context: 514,100

## How Atlas produces this analysis

Minestarters Atlas uses automated extraction to summarize mining announcements, identify reported measurements, and classify supporting evidence. Sentiment reflects the extracted narrative and classification rules; it is an interpretation, not a reported measurement. Evidence quotes and context are provided where available. Missing data, low-confidence results, and review flags indicate limitations. Check the original publisher announcement before relying on an interpretation.
